Jean-Baptiste Dubos explains that Beauchamps and des Brosses were responsible for the ballets ordinaires, while d'Olivet specialized in ballet-pantomime: The ballets for these works were created by Beauchamps, des Brosses, and d'Olivet. Lully and Quinault continued to collaborate on a series of successful productions, in the process creating a new genre of French opera in which dance interludes played an important part in the musical drama. Pierre Beauchamps, who had been working with Molière at the Palais-Royal, joined Lully's company in June 1673 (not long after Molière's death), when Lully took over the Palais-Royal theatre, forcing Molière's troupe to move to the Théâtre Guénégaud. Lully's next production, Cadmus et Hermione (27 April 1673), the first tragédie lyrique (with a libretto by Philippe Quinault), also premiered at the Jeu de Paume de Béquet and was choreographed by Anthoine des Brosses. A crucial difference, however, from the previous court ballets was that the members of the court no longer participated, and all of the dancers were professionals. This work consisted primarily of excerpts from Lully's prior court ballets connected with new entrées choreographed by des Brosses. With Anthoine des Brosses and Lully as choreographers and Carlo Vigarani as stage designer, Lully's company, now called the Académie Royale de Musique, produced Lully's first opera, Les fêtes de l'Amour et de Bacchus (a pastorale) in November 1672 at the Jeu de Paume de Béquet. In 1672, Lully purchased Perrin's privilege and also obtained new letters patent limiting the use of musicians and dancers by other French companies. The first production of the company founded by Perrin, the Académie d'Opéra (Academy of Opera), was Pomone, which was first performed on 3 March 1671 at the Jeu de Paume de la Bouteille and included ballets choreographed by Anthoine des Brosses. On 28 June 1669, Louis XIV granted a privilege to the poet Pierre Perrin giving him a monopoly to form a separate academy for the performance of opera in French. Although the Académie Royale de Danse and the Opera were closely connected, the two institutions remained separate, and the former disappeared with the fall of the monarchy in 1792. In 1680, Beauchamps became the chancellor (director) of the Académie Royale de Danse. Members of the academy, as well as the dance teachers who were certified by it, and their students, participated in the creation of the ballets for the court, Molière, and later the opera. Many of these were also performed by Molière's company at the public Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris, which was later to become the first permanent home of the opera company and the opera ballet.Īlso in 1661, Louis XIV had founded the Académie Royale de Danse (Royal Academy of Dance) in an effort "to improve the quality of dance instruction for court entertainments". The first was Les Fâcheux in 1661 and the most important, Le Bourgeois gentilhomme in 1670. Of particular importance were the series of comédies-ballets created by Molière with, among others, the choreographers and composers Pierre Beauchamps and Jean-Baptiste Lully. The Paris Opera Ballet had its origins in the earlier dance institutions, traditions and practices of the court of Louis XIV. Louis XIV as Apollo in the Ballet Royal de la Nuit (1653) 95 percent of the admitted dancers in the Paris Opera Ballet are French. For a dancer to enter the Paris Opera Ballet, it is almost compulsory to be admitted to the Paris Opera Ballet School, to pass the annual competitive examinations in May, and to attend at least the final two classes. The competition for admission to both institutions is extremely fierce. The school celebrated its tercentennial in 2013. Its former pupils have won a record of 20 Benois de la Danse awards. Just as prestigious as the Paris Opera Ballet is its dance school, the Paris Opera Ballet School (French: École de danse de l'Opéra national de Paris), considered to be one of the world's best dance schools. ![]() The principal dancers give 180 dance performances each year, primarily at the Palais Garnier. The ballet company consists of 154 dancers, among them 17 Danseurs Étoiles. Since December 2022, the company has been under the direction of José Martínez, the director of dance. It is still regarded as one of the four most prominent ballet companies in the world, together with the Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow, the Mariinsky Ballet in Saint Petersburg and the Royal Ballet in London. It is the oldest national ballet company, and many European and international ballet companies can trace their origins to it. ![]() The Paris Opera Ballet ( French: Ballet de l'Opéra national de Paris) is a French ballet company that is an integral part of the Paris Opera. Palais Garnier, Place de l'Opéra, Paris, 9th arrondissement, France
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